Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences

Evaluation of Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of Melatonin Interference with Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Pathway in Male Rabbits

Hajar Nazar Hashem; Fadhil A. Rizij

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 559-568

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.13

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death worldwide. It is now commonly acknowledged that it is a persistent inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, ... Read More Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death worldwide. It is now commonly acknowledged that it is a persistent inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation all play the essential roles in the atherosclerosis progression. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neuroendocrine hormone discovered in the bovine pineal gland. The antioxidant action of melatonin is manifested to its direct effects via M1,2 receptors. It not only increases antioxidant enzymes, but also suppresses mesenchymal cell apoptosis. Melatonin is anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. In contrast to well-known Instead of following an enzymatic pathway of reduction after oxidation, as do endogenous antioxidants such carotene and vitamins E and C, melatonin binds permanently to free radicals, which the kidneys eliminate. In comparison to the induced untreated group, melatonin has a significant impact on lipid parameters (P>0.001). Melatonin significantly reduced the elevation in ICAM and a mild effect on the aorta thickness compared with induced untreated groups (P<0.05). The drug restores aortic GSH and SOD level (P<0.001). The aim of this research is to evaluate whether melatonin can protect rabbits against atherosclerosis and their role in inflammatory and oxidative pathway. Twenty-four domestic male rabbits from the surrounding area were divided into three groups: Group One, normal Control group (n = 8). Group Two (n = 8): Rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet (induced untreated group). Group Three (n = 8): 1% cholesterol diet + oral melatonin 10 mg/kg once per day before breakfast. Animals fed with an atherogenic diet had lower levels of GSH, SOD, and higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, very low-density cholesterol, a therogenic index, iCAM, and intimal thickness of the aorta, as compared with controls (P<0.001). In comparison with the induced untreated group, melatonin has a significant impact on lipid parameters (P>0.001). Melatonin significantly reduced the ICAM elevation and a mild effect on aorta thickness compared with induced untreated groups (p<0.05). The drug restore aortic GSH and SOD level (P<0.001). The findings of the current study suggest that melatonin reduce the evolution of atherosclerosis in by meddling with inflammatory and oxidative processes and affecting lipid parameters, it was possible to treat hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Dysmenorrhea among Female University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ekhlas Ali Hussein; Israa Talib Hassan; Hala Saadi Issa; Mahasen M. Abd Al-Majeed

Volume 5, Issue 5 , September and October 2022, , Pages 787-792

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.5.13

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological symptom among adolescent girls and young women. It can have a significant impact on females’ quality of life. The study aims to investigate ... Read More

Investigation of Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistant of Bacteria Isolated from Septic Neonates

Aliaa Monther Ebrahem; Sanaa Khudhur Jameel; Ali Hafedh Abbas

Volume 6, Issue 4 , April 2023, , Pages 816-826

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.4.13

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis refers to the bacterial bloodstream infections of the newborn during the neonatal period as usually the first twenty-eight days of life. The current study was done in ... Read More

Effect of Oral Clonidine as a Premedication on Hemorrhage during Septorhinoplasty: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Mojtaba Sohrabpour; Seyed Ebrahim Sadeghi; Mojtaba Ghaedi; Navid Kalani; Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi

Volume 5, Issue 6 , November and December 2022, , Pages 1001-1007

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.6.13

Abstract

Introduction: Intraoperative hemorrhage is one of the most important complications of septorhinoplasty surgery. Many techniques and drugs are used to reduce this problem. Accordingly, ... Read More

Prevalence and Molecular Detection of Bacteria Isolated from Sexually Transmitted Disease in Al-Anbar Province

Leqaa M. Aziz; Mohammed A. Hamad; Eman Majed Al-Hadethy; Mustafa. A. Saud; Firas R. R Jameel

Volume 6, Issue 5 , May 2023, , Pages 1077-1086

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.5.13

Abstract

This study is the first in the Al-Anbar governorate with this design aim to the detection of Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by using RT-PCR. A total of (70) samples were obtained ... Read More

Synthesis, Characterization of Nickel (II) Phthalocynine, and Screening of Its Potential Antibacterial Activity

Osama S. Hashim

Volume 5, Issue 7 , November and December 2022, , Pages 1242-1246

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.7.13

Abstract

Nickel (II) Phthalocynine (Ni-Pc) is a class of macro-cyclic compounds that has bivalent, tetradentade, planar, and 18 π-conjugated electron aromatic ring systems. Pcs are composed ... Read More

The Comparison of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever Cases in Indonesia During the COVID-19 Pandemic

N Juni Triastuti

Volume 6, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 1336-1343

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.6.13

Abstract

Since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019, several problems in the world of health have been focused on handling the COVID-19 disease. Hence, it does not spread ... Read More

Synthesis and Characterization with Antimicrobial Studies of mixed Curcumin Schiff Base –L-dopa with Divalent Cations Complexes

Hala Mohammed Salh; Taghreed H Al-Noor

Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2023, , Pages 1621-1630

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.7.13

Abstract

In the present article, mixed ligand metal (II) complexes have been synthesized with Schiff base (1E, 5Z, 6E)-1,7 bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(3-hydroxyphenyl) imino) hepta-1,6-dien-3-one ... Read More

Evaluating the Average Exposure Levels Provided to Neck and Cervical Spine CT Patients

Mysara Rumman; Khaled Sabarna; Jessica Badawi; Israa Bahar; Mohammad Darawai

Volume 6, Issue 8 , August 2023, , Pages 1851-1861

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.8.13

Abstract

To apply the radiation protection optimization concept, the current study compares the average doses utilized to produce the most popular CT scans of neck and cervical spine at the ... Read More

Ghrelin and Serotonin Expression on Restricted Feed with Curcuma xanthorrhixa Roxb. and Iron Supplementation

Amallia Nuggetsiana Setyawati; Diky Syahrul Ramadhan; Kusmiyati Tjahjono; Ryan Halleyantoro; Puspita Kusuma Dewi

Volume 6, Issue 9 , September 2023, , Pages 2046-2055

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.9.13

Abstract

Background: Nutritional shortages and acute malnutrition are caused by insufficient protein and calorie consumption. With severe short- and long-term morbidity and death, malnutrition ... Read More

The Effect of Nanochitosane of Red Snapper Fish Scales (Lutjanus Sp.) on Pain and Pulp Inflammation

Noor Hafida Widyastuti; Nur Ariska Nugrahani; Mellania Awwaliannisa; Amara Syifa Tifani

Volume 6, Issue 10 , October 2023, , Pages 2379-2386

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.10.13

Abstract

Pulpitis, or pulp inflammation, is a type of dental disease that is commonly associated with tooth pain symptoms. The immune reaction, characterized by TNF- α biomarkers and leukocyte ... Read More

Effects of Additional Walking Aerobic Exercise on Pain Intensity and Disability Status in Office Workers with Mechanical Chronic Low Back Pain at Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Hospital

I Nengah Bagus Surianta; Damayanti Tinduh; Nur Sulastri; Soenarnatalina Melaniani

Volume 6, Issue 12 , December 2023, , Pages 2985-2993

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.12.13

Abstract

Background: Aerobic exercise is recommended starting from the subacute phase of low back pain, which can increase daily activities. This study aims to analyse the effect of adding walking ... Read More Background: Aerobic exercise is recommended starting from the subacute phase of low back pain, which can increase daily activities. This study aims to analyse the effect of adding walking aerobic exercise on pain intensity and disability status of mechanical chronic low back pain in office workers at Dr. Soetomo Hospital.Methods: True experimental with pre-test and post-test randomized control group design. Each group consisted of 16 respondents. The treatment group received walking aerobic exercise therapy three times a week for 30 minutes with gradually increasing intensity and conventional low back pain exercises for eight weeks. The control group only received conventional exercise therapy 3x/week for eight weeks. The parameters evaluated in this study were pain intensity values using NPRS and disability status using ODI. Measurements were made twice, namely before and after eight weeks of intervention.Results: There was a significant improvement in the NPRS score in the treatment group and the control group (p<0.000 and p<0.001), but there was no difference between the two groups after the intervention (p=1.000), and there was no difference (delta) in the NPRS score between groups (p=0.714). Improvements in ODI scores were found in the treatment and control groups (p<0.000 and p<0.001), and there were differences between the groups after the intervention (p<0.001), and there were significant differences (delta) in ODI between the two groups after the intervention (p<0.001).Conclusion: Addition of walking aerobic exercise to conventional mechanical chronic low back pain exercises can synergistically benefit in decreasing pain intensity and disability status after eight weeks.Background: Aerobic exercise is recommended starting from the subacute phase of low back pain, which can increase daily activities. This study aims to analyse the effect of adding walking aerobic exercise on pain intensity and disability status of mechanical chronic low back pain in office workers at Dr. Soetomo Hospital.Methods: True experimental with pre-test and post-test randomized control group design. Each group consisted of 16 respondents. The treatment group received walking aerobic exercise therapy three times a week for 30 minutes with gradually increasing intensity and conventional low back pain exercises for eight weeks. The control group only received conventional exercise therapy 3x/week for eight weeks. The parameters evaluated in this study were pain intensity values using NPRS and disability status using ODI. Measurements were made twice, namely before and after eight weeks of intervention.Results: There was a significant improvement in the NPRS score in the treatment group and the control group (p<0.000 and p<0.001), but there was no difference between the two groups after the intervention (p=1.000), and there was no difference (delta) in the NPRS score between groups (p=0.714). Improvements in ODI scores were found in the treatment and control groups (p<0.000 and p<0.001), and there were differences between the groups after the intervention (p<0.001), and there were significant differences (delta) in ODI between the two groups after the intervention (p<0.001).Conclusion: Addition of walking aerobic exercise to conventional mechanical chronic low back pain exercises can synergistically benefit in decreasing pain intensity and disability status after eight weeks.

Solution for Root Canal Treatment Failure: Comparison of Antibiofilm between Aloe Vera Extracts and Chitosan Shrimp Shells of the Formation Biofilm Enterococcus Faecalis

Nur Ariska Nugrahani; A. Retno Pudji Rahayu

Volume 5, Issue 3 , May and June 2022, , Pages 393-399

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.3.14

Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis is a resistant bacterium in the root canal that can cause root canal treatment failure and is frequently found in root canal infections due to its ability to form ... Read More

Isolation and Characterization of Furanocoumarins from Golden Delicious Apple Seeds

Ban Ali Ahmed; Yasser Fakri Mustafa; Bassam Yahya Ibrahim

Volume 5, Issue 4 , July and August 2022, , Pages 537-545

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.4.9

Abstract

The isolation, characterization, and exploration of the pharmacological potentials of natural-obtained products are the starting steps in discovering new pharmaceutical scaffolds. Coumarin-based ... Read More

Evaluation of 2(3H)-Benzoxazolone Derivatives Containing Piperidine Substituents as Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Agents: An in vitro and in silico Study

Emine Erdag

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 569-579

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.14

Abstract

To create chemical structures with various pharmacological actions, heterocyclic compounds play a key role as pharmacophores. The pharmacological effects of derivatives of 2(3H)-benzoxazolone ... Read More

Synthesis, ADME Study, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Novel Naphthalene-Based Derivatives

Sara Firas Firas Jasim; Yasser Fakri Mustafa

Volume 5, Issue 5 , September and October 2022, , Pages 793-807

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.5.14

Abstract

In recent times, many researchers in pharmaceutical chemistry have been preoccupied with the quest for new potent anti-infective agents to combat antimicrobial resistance. A novel series ... Read More

Synthesis and Characterization of Heterocyclic Compounds-Based Liquid Crystals

Athraa J. Ali; Nisreen H. Karam

Volume 6, Issue 4 , April 2023, , Pages 827-833

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.4.14

Abstract

This research includes the synthesis, characterization, and investigation of liquid crystalline properties of new rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds 1,4-phenylene bis(2-(5-(four-alkoxybenzylidene)-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-3-yl)acetate), ... Read More

A Comparative Study on the Effects of Propofol and Thiopental on the Apgar score of Neonates Undergoing Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review Study

Seyed Ebrahim Sadeghi; Mehrdad Malekshoar; Majid Vatankhah; Pourya Adibi; Elham Rahmanian; Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi; Maryam Nemati

Volume 5, Issue 6 , November and December 2022, , Pages 1008-1017

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.6.14

Abstract

Introduction: Apgar score of neonates at birth is one of the determinants of postnatal mortality and one of the effective factors in Apgar score of cesarean section neonates that is ... Read More Introduction: Apgar score of neonates at birth is one of the determinants of postnatal mortality and one of the effective factors in Apgar score of cesarean section neonates that is the type of drug used for maternal anesthesia. Owing to the disagreement on the benefits and possible side effects of anesthetics, the present study was an attempt to evaluate and compare the effects of propofol and thiopental on the Apgar score of neonates undergoing cesarean section under the general anesthesia.Methods: The present study is a systematic review. Persian articles were searched in databases such as SID, Iranmedex, Magiran, and English articles were searched in databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engine without any time limitation. To access the full text of articles, the keywords of propofol, thiopental, general anesthesia, neonatal Apgar score, cesarean section, and their combination, the Boolean search methods, and conjunctions of “And” and “Or” were used. The information of reviewed articles included the first author, year of publication, the country of study, the sample size, and the outcome of the study.Results: A total of 27 articles were included to the study. In 22 studies, no statistically significant difference was found between thiopental and propofol effects on neonatal Apgar score at minutes 1 and 5. Also, in 4 studies, Apgar scores at minutes 1 and 5 were reported higher in the propofol group than the thiopental group. Furthermore, in one study, Apgar score at minute 1 was reported higher in the propofol group than the thiopental group. In three studies, Apgar score of neonates at the minute 1 in thiopental group was reported higher than the propofol group.Conclusion: It seems that neonates whose mothers underwent the general anesthesia with propofol for cesarean section have better Apgar scores than those who received thiopental. One of the effects of propofol is its shorter duration of action, and if the patient has a problem with difficult intubation, the effect of the drug ends sooner and the patient’s breathe returns as soon as possible. Likewise in this regard, compared to thiopental, which has a longer effect, Propofol is a more effective drug in cesarean section women under the general anesthesia.

In-Vitro Comparative Quality Evaluation of Paracetamol Tablets Marketed in Iraq

Krar Kadhim Mj; Hayder Kadhim Abbas; Dhurgham Q.Shaheed; Hasanain Majed Hameed; Mustafa Najah Jabur; Mohammed Zuhear Shaker; Bahaa Kadhim Abd; Ali Jawad Kadhim

Volume 6, Issue 5 , May 2023, , Pages 1087-1099

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.5.14

Abstract

One of the crucial responsibilities of pharmacists is to provide Iraqi people with safe and effective medicines. Quality control tests have been performed to ensure that these medicines ... Read More

Evaluation of Rats’ Biochemical Markers in Artemisia Annua Linn. Extract After Lead Toxicity

Adil Turki Al-Musawi; Sudad Jasim Mohammed; Aliaa Saadoon Abdul-Razzaq

Volume 5, Issue 7 , November and December 2022, , Pages 1247-1252

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.7.14

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the impact of Artemisia annua L. (A. annua L.) on liver and kidney functions following lead-induced injury that was extracted from the plant by using ... Read More

Association of Serum Serotonin Levels, and Hyperglycemia with Ageusia and Anosmia in Iraqi COVID-19-Infected Patients

Sameerah Jasim Shanyoor; Zahraa Mohammed Ali Naji; Ghanyia Jasim Shanyoor

Volume 6, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 1344-1351

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.6.14

Abstract

Background: Serotonin plays a significant neuro-modulatory role in olfactory neurons and taste receptor cells.Aim: This study was conducted to examine and comparison between serum levels ... Read More

The Placebo and Laughter Therapy Efficacy on Pain Perception, Sleep Quality, and Post-traumatic Growth in Recovering Drug Abusers

Seyed Amir Omrani

Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2023, , Pages 1631-1645

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.7.14

Abstract

This research was designed to study the efficacy of placebo and laughter therapy on pain perception, sleep quality, and post-traumatic growth in recovering drug abusers. Thus, among ... Read More This research was designed to study the efficacy of placebo and laughter therapy on pain perception, sleep quality, and post-traumatic growth in recovering drug abusers. Thus, among 1050 patients who had been referred to the Empowerment and Protection Center for Recovered of the Hamrahan Aftab of Sari City in Iran during the last 5 years (2016-2021) 60 recovered were randomly selected. This study was conducted with a quantitative structure in the form of an experimental design with pre-test-post-test and control in three experimental and control groups. Thus, 4 independent groups were selected by simple random assignment and each of them was exposed to placebo, laughter therapy, combination therapy, and neutral approaches (control group), respectively. Findings were presented in two descriptive and analytical sections: the descriptive section addressed the status of each variable in the statistical sample and in the analytical section, the relationship between the independent variables with each of the three dependent variables of the research, including pain perception, sleep quality, and post-traumatic growth, was measured. The statistical tests included univariate regression (to measure the simple relationship between independent and dependent variables) and T-test (comparing the effectiveness of variables). Findings demonstrated that each of the studied factors, placebo and laughter therapy, had an effect on all dependent variables of pain perception, sleep quality, and post-traumatic growth so that both of these factors (independently) reduce pain perception, increase sleep quality, and increase growth after injury. However, the T-test demonstrated that in all groups the effect of laughter therapy was higher than placebo (that is, laughter therapy has been able to reduce pain perception and increase sleep quality and post-injury growth in drug abuse recoveries more than placebo), which can pave the way for drug addiction treatment, life recovery afterward, and complete recovery: Laughter therapy is formed easier than placebo, has lower costs, and higher efficiency. Conclusively, findings were similar in the follow-up period (quarterly).

Using Modified Resins in Chromium Ion Removal from Aqueous Solutions

Lubna Salah Muhammed; Hamsa Thamer Sadeq

Volume 6, Issue 8 , August 2023, , Pages 1862-1871

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.8.14

Abstract

Heavy metals are one of environmental concerns in industrial wastewater effluents, and adsorption is one of the widely used processes in removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions. ... Read More

Rigidity and Flexibility of Pyrazole, s-Triazole, and v-Triazole Derivative of Chloroquine as Potential Therapeutic against COVID-19

Adel M. Najar; Asma Eswayah; Moayed Ben Moftah; Ruwida Omar M.K.; Eman Bobtaina; Mohamed Najwa; Tawfeg A. Elhisadi; Aeyad Tahani; Salha M.Tawati; Aliaa M. M.Khalifa; Aly Abdou; Ahmed Emhamed DowAltome

Volume 6, Issue 9 , September 2023, , Pages 2056-2084

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.9.14

Abstract

Based on the core unit of chloroquine, new types of N-heterocyclic compounds that are fused together have been made. The compounds were put into two groups. In series A, the five-member ... Read More

The Context of Nursing Intervention of Sand Bed Culture in Reducing Osteoarthritis Pain Scale

Syaifurrahman Hidayat; Yuni Sufyanti Arief; Ferry Effendi; Mujib Hannan; Nailiy Huzaimah

Volume 6, Issue 10 , October 2023, , Pages 2387-2396

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.10.14

Abstract

Aging causes physiological function to decrease as a result of the aging process. Osteoarthritis is common in the elderly causing chronic pain conditions. The purpose of this study ... Read More

Volume 7 (2024)

Volume 6 (2023)

Volume 5 (2022)

Volume 4 (2021)

Volume 3 (2020)

Volume 2 (2019)

Volume 1 (2018)

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