@article { author = {Bobtana, Fardous and Elabbar, Fakhri and Bader, Nabil}, title = {Evaluation of Halocnemum strobilaceum and Hammada scoparia plants performance for contaminated soil phytoremediation}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {126-129}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.1}, abstract = {The potential of Hammada scoparia (Hamm.) and Halocnemum Strobilaceum (Halo.) growing in Benghazi-Libya for soil phytoremediation purpose has been evaluated. Hammada scoparia (Hamm.) and Halocnemum Strobilaceum (Halo.) and their roots soil samples were collected and analyzed for Cd, Ni and Pb concentrations in a salty area in the north coastal region of Benghazi, near Benghazi asphalt factory, Benghazi steel factory, Brega oil company sorage tanks, and north Benghazi power station. The biological absorption coefficient (BAC), bioconcentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (TF) of Hammada scoparia and Halocnemum Strobilaceum have been calculated. Both plants are moderate extractor, they tend to phytoextraction process except Halo tends strongly to phytostabiliztion process in case of Cu and Fe.}, keywords = {Halocnemum Strobilaceum,Hammada scoparia,Phytoremediation}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_83543.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_83543_47e29c43bdfda9cd745b3c2242c6b862.pdf} } @article { author = {Adejoke, Hamzat T. and Louis, Hitler and Amusan, Oluwatobi O. and Apebende, Gloria}, title = {A Review on Classes, Extraction, Purification and Pharmaceutical Importance of Plants Alkaloid}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {130-139}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.2}, abstract = {The importance of natural products in the pharmaceutical industry cannot be abated because it plays a vital role in the prevention and treatments of diseases such as cancer, malaria, pile etc. These natural products e.g. alkaloid, flavonoid, phenol, saponin, and tannin are bioactive compounds in a plant which are essential in plant metabolic activities. All of these including alkaloids has been tested for their huge medicinal properties hence, serves as an alternative medicine. Although, through the modern-day technologies, these bioactive compounds are separated from the plants and synthesized into capsules and tablets for easy administration, usage, and storage. The manner of poisoning with plants can be due to unintentional ingestion, affordability, and availability, excess ingestion, improper methods of extraction and purification of plant materials. In some cases, the resultant effect(s) of these poisoning may cause serious illness, injury or even death. Thus, this review gives an overview of the pharmacological importance of named alkaloids, toxicology and methods of extraction and purification of alkaloids in the plant. Furthermore, this review will provide information to researchers to further investigate the medicinal potentials of these alkaloids, help in the development of new drugs for the treatment of various diseases, creates awareness on the side-effects of excess or abuse of medicinal plants and finally encourages rational use of natural resources for sustainability.}, keywords = {plants,alkaloids,structure,Pharmacology}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84206.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84206_227db92214ba72a670daac42a1ad879c.pdf} } @article { author = {Nasiri, Hamid R. and Ceylan, Betül and Hohmann, Katharina and Kaiser, Marcel and Schwalbe, Harald}, title = {Design, Synthesis, and Testing of Antiprotozoal Activity of Primin and Analogues}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {140-143}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.3}, abstract = {A set of conformationally restricted analogues of the natural product primin were synthesized as potential antiprotozoal agents. The synthesis utilizes quinone C-H functionalization methods to enable an efficient and easy access to primin analogues. The antiprotozoal activities of this series were evaluated in a panel of parasites and compared with the natural product primin. For all synthesized primin analogues a potent in vitro activity was found against the pathogen Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (IC50 < 0.05 µg/mL). The observed antiprotozoal activity is not related to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Initial results of the in vivo experiments with a T. b. rhodesiense rodent animal model of the human disease were also reported. Intraperitoneal injection administration of compound 7 resulted in complete clearance of T. b. rhodesiense in tested rodent animals 24 hours after the last treatment. Our results show that the primin scaffold represents a new scaffold for further development of potent inhibitors of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.}, keywords = {Antiprotozoal activities,Natural product-derived compounds,Quinones,C-H functionalization,NMR spectroscopy}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84209.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84209_bf2ffa1f55da39355eb3520fe16d2cf2.pdf} } @article { author = {Usman, Abdullahi and Thoss, Vera and Nur-e-Alam, Mohammad}, title = {A new flavonoid glycoside from Trichilia emetica}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {144-150}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.4}, abstract = {A new compound, catechin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→4) β-D-glucopyranoside was isolated from the ethylacetate soluble fraction of the aqueous extract of the whole seeds of Trichilia emetica (Family: Meliaceae). The structure of this compound was established on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. The compound was also subjected to antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The pure compound showed either no or reduced activity against microorganisms tested, it also showed no cytotoxicity.}, keywords = {Trichilia emetica,catechin,Nuclear magnetic resonance,Bioassay}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84211.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84211_9888dbf79e603f3a40db7981fe80455f.pdf} } @article { author = {S. Izuchi, Attah and Onoabedje, Efeturi A. and C. Ekoh, Ogechi and Okafor, Sunday and C. Okoro, Uchechukwu}, title = {Synthesis of Medicinally Relevant Phenyl Sulphonylamino Alkanamides and N-aryl P-toluenesulphonamides}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {151-161}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.5}, abstract = {Synthesis of new medicinally important phenylsulphonyl aminoalkanamides and N-aryl p-toluene sulphonamides is reported. The reaction between benzenesulphonylchloride 7 with valine gave 3-methyl-2-[phenylsulphonyl)amino]butanoic acid 9 which is converted into 2-[acetyl (phenylsulphonyl) amino]-3-methyl butanoic acid 10 by reaction with acetic anhydride in acetic acid. The reaction of the later with SOCl2 and subsequently with NH3 afforded 2-[N-acetyl (phenylsulphonyl) amino]-3-methyl butanamide intermediate 11. The palladium catalysed reaction of the intermediate with readily available aryl chlorides and bromides afforded a variety of phenyl sulphonylaminoalkanamides 13a-c. In another synthesis, p-toluenesulphonylchloride (14) reacted with aqueous ammonia to give 4-methyl benzenesulphonamide 15 which is converted into N-(4-hydroxylphenyl)-4-methylbenzene sulphonamide 17a, N-(4-formyl phenyl)-4-methyl benzene sulphonamide 17b, N-(4-aminophenyl)-4-methyl benzenesulphonamide 17c, 4-methyl-N-(2-methylphenyl) benzene sulphonamide 17d, N-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-methyl benzenesulphonamide 17e in good yields, by reaction with 4-chlorophenol, 4-bromobenzaldehyde , 4-bromoaniline, 2-chlorotoluene and 1-bromo-2-methoxybenzene, respectively. Structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic and elemental analytical data}, keywords = {Sulphonamides,Organosulfur,Anticancer,methotrexate,Synthesis}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84210.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84210_9f20d6d4b4d3c591de334f778b9fa338.pdf} } @article { author = {W. Dogo, Danjatau and Louis, Hitler and I. Iliya, Nkafamiya and U. Ozioma, Akakuru and T. Aderemi, Adeleye and Stware, Barminas}, title = {Swelling Kinetics of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide)-Based Hydrogel and its Application as Anti-Diabetic Drugs Delivery System}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {162-171}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.6}, abstract = {The swelling kinetics of charantin from poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide), PNIPAM–based hydrogel, is accomplished through direct weighing, before soaking the gel in fluid/drug solution at controlled temperatures inside a temperature-controlled water bath. The investigation was carried out for application as anti-diabetic drug delivery system. Charantin was extracted from bitter melon fruit and leaf under a controlled pH of 4.5. The preparation of PNIPAM was done by varying the acrylamide between (3-12)% and show increase in the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) from 32- 43℃ which indicates a direct relationship in distilled water. The effect of changing solution from distilled water, insulin, and charantin solution, shows that the higher the polarity of the solution, the lower the LCST of the hydrogel. Charantin loaded on hydrogels N1, N2, N3, and N4 were found to be (42.51, 44.57, 43.55 and 44.61)μg/mL, respectively, when soaked in charantin solution of 52.61 μg/mL. Characterization of the hydrogels using Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy shows that there is physical interaction between the hydrogel matrix and the charantin molecules. The diffusivity of the hydrogels ranged from 1.48 x 10-10 to 5.08 x 10-8 M2/s and their release exponents were ≥ 0.5 indicative of non-Fickian difusional release.}, keywords = {Charantin,N-isopropyl acrylamide,PNIPAM-based hydrogel,Swelling kinetics}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84215.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_84215_e771853c7fb104c51c9b4dba9fd3770e.pdf} } @article { author = {Asif, Mohammad}, title = {An Overview on Fluoroquinolone Drugs for the Treatment of Tubercular Infection}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {172-176}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.7}, abstract = {The fluoroquinolones-levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin have potent bactericidal activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. They have the potential activity in managing both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis as well as the possibility of shortening the period of therapy. The emergence of drug-resistance, fluoroquinolone-resistant, multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis created a challenge to control the tuberculosis globally. The newer fluoroquinolones have clinical efficacy in some of the patients. So, it is needed the utility of new fluoroquinolone drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis.}, keywords = {Fluoroquinolones,Levofloxacin,moxifloxacin,gatifloxacin,Tuberculosis}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_85469.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_85469_c2a582eb6bc1986a6810c782c86fe4e4.pdf} } @article { author = {Almadani Alforjany, Ebtihal and Mohamed Kamour, Ruwida}, title = {Effect of Temperature of Water Used For Reconstitution On Stability Of Antibiotic Dry Suspension}, journal = {Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences}, volume = {2}, number = {4}, pages = {177-183}, year = {2019}, publisher = {Sami Publishing Company (SPC)}, issn = {2651-4702}, eissn = {2651-4702}, doi = {10.26655/jmchemsci.2019.8.8}, abstract = {This study is carried out to test the stability of antibiotic dry suspensions reconstituted with various water temperatures. The testing included physical, microbial and chemical changes of samples reconstituted with water at 40, 60, 70 and 80ᵒC. These changes were compared to control samples prepared with water at temperature 25ᵒC. HPLC method was followed qualitatively to identify antibiotic active constituent in addition to quantitative analysis to evaluate antibiotic contents compared to control samples. The changes were assessed within one hour after reconstitution and after four days of reconstitution. Physical tests showed changes of amoxicillin\clavulenic acid suspension’s colour prepared at 80ᵒC. Sedimentation ratio, sedimentation rate and sedimentation volume decreased as temperature increased were these parameters were tested only for amoxicillin suspension. Upon centrifugation there was a decrease in sediment volume accompanied with an increase in supernatant volume resulting in changes in sediment/supernatant ratio. Microbial study showed a marked decrease in antimicrobial activity for both amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulenic acid suspensions. HPLC results showed a decrease in amoxicillin and clavulanate in samples prepared with heated water compared to those prepared with cooled water at 25ᵒC.}, keywords = {Clavulenic acid,Reconstitution,Antibiotic Dry Suspension}, url = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_85531.html}, eprint = {https://www.jmchemsci.com/article_85531_7ae1f68ac2f6cd2c78992fbf0298f3b9.pdf} }