Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences

Density Functional Theory, ADME, and Molecular Docking of Some Anthranilic Acid Derivatives as Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors

Karam S. Atrushi; Dana M. Ameen; Shaymaa H. Abdulrahman; Faris T. Abachi

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 11 March 2023

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.9.3

Abstract

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs), are very effective agents in relieving mild to moderate pain and inflammation by inhibiting two isoforms of prostaglandin G-H synthetase (I ... Read More

Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidinone (DHPM) Derivatives through a Multicomponent Reaction (MCR) and Their Biological Activity

Ahmad Fauzi; Azis Saifudin; Kamal Rullah

Volume 6, Issue 8 , August 2023, , Pages 1810-1817

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.8.9

Abstract

The spread of incurable diseases, especially infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and certain cancers, has become a serious public health concern. Consequently, ... Read More

Potential Role of Selenium to Ameliorate Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats

Rusul Nadheer Albakaa; Fadhil A. Rizij; Rafid M. Ali Hassan

Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2023, , Pages 1498-1505

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.7.3

Abstract

Abstract: Selenium (SE) is well known for its immune boosting, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Doxorubicin (DOXO), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, causes cardiac-damage by ... Read More Abstract: Selenium (SE) is well known for its immune boosting, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Doxorubicin (DOXO), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, causes cardiac-damage by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Selenium (SE) is well known for its immune boosting, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Doxorubicin (DOXO), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, causes cardiac-damage by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). SE has been shown to improve heart development dysregulation, CMY structural damage, antioxidant enzyme (GSH, and SOD) activity, and caspase-3 (CASP3) levels in the cardiac tissue. Furthermore, SE could reduce the inflammation marker, ICAM-1 activity, and cardiotoxicity marker levels in the serum, cTn-1 serum levels. Finally, SE may protect against cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the oxidative induced by doxorubicin.Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate if selenium has protective role against the cardiotoxicity induced by DOXO in laboratory rats.Method: A total of 32 male rats were used, and they were randomly divided into 4-groups (8 rats * in each group). The rats in the control group started drinking distilled water for the experiment period. Rats in the doxorubicin group (the induced group) were given 2.5 MG/KG three times per wek, continue for 2-weeks. The second group was treated with SE only had SE administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, continue for 2-weeks. Results: Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity, as shown by a significant increase (~P < 0.001) in the levels of cTnI, ICAM-1, and caspase-3. At the same time, the levels of GSH and SOD when compared to the control group, were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) in the cardiac tissues of rats in the doxorubicin treated group. Histological changes and lesions were also caused by the Doxo. The administration of selenium was found to reduce cardiotoxicity, this can be proved by significant-decreases (p* < 0.001) in cardiac-TnI, ICAM-1, casp-3 and significant-increases (~P < 0.001) in SOD and GSH when compared to the DOXO group; and significant improvements (~P < 0.001) in the score for cardiomyopathy histopathological lesions.Conclusion: At the drugs-doses used in this study, selenium protected the hearts of rats from DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity. This is may related to the interfered and may ameloirate oxidative stress, inflammation, and the apoptotic pathway.

Impact of RAGE Gene rs80096349(C>T), rs1035798(C>T), and rs184003(G>T) Polymorphisms on Non-Response to Aspirin in Iraqi Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Faleh A Khudhair; Shatha H Ali; Khalil A Al-Zubeidi

Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2023, , Pages 1582-1597

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.7.10

Abstract

Background: Transmembrane multiligand receptor RAGE is a protein found on the surface of cells that binds to the advanced glycation end products. Platelet cyclooxygenase activity is ... Read More Background: Transmembrane multiligand receptor RAGE is a protein found on the surface of cells that binds to the advanced glycation end products. Platelet cyclooxygenase activity is elevated in response to RAGE activation, contributing to the formation of a thrombus.Objectives: To examine the connection between RAGE gene rs80096349(C>T), rs1035798(C>T), and rs184003(G>T) polymorphisms and resistance to aspirin in CAD patients from Iraq.Patients and methods: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (161 males and 64 females) were enrolled in the trial between February 2021 and October 2021. All participants were taking prophylactic Aspirin (100 mg). The control group consisted of 130 individuals, including 97 males and 33 females, who appeared to be in good health and were not taking aspirin. Serum thromboxane B2 levels were used to assess the effectiveness of aspirin (TBX2). Patients were classified as either aspirin sensitive or resistant. The polymorphism of RAGE's most closely related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was identified using polymerase chain reaction for amplification of the extracted deoxyribonucleic acid and Sanger's method of sequencing.Results: A total of 225 cardiovascular patients compatible with inclusion criteria were enrolled. There were 161(71.6%) male and 64(28.4%) female patients with a mean age of 56.85±8.11years old. The statistical analysis revealed 17.8% (n = 40) aspirin-resistant cases in the study population. Genotypic analysis of our data showed that participants with the T allele of rs184003(G/T) had an increased prevalence in the aspirin-resistant group compared with the aspirin-sensitive group (p<0.05). In contrast, for rs10835798, the frequency was dramatically higher for T alleles in aspirin sensitive group contrasted with the resistant group (p<0.05). The aspirin-resistant group was found to have significantly greater RAGE levels than the sensitive group.Conclusion: Our results provide evidence that RAGE expression and gene rs1035798(C>T), and rs184003(G>T) polymorphisms could be predictors for CAD patients' resistance to aspirin.

Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) Against Transurethral Incision of Prostate (TUIP) in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Management

Rafid Fakher Hussein Al Husseini; Ahmed Turki Obaid; Ahmed Hamid Abdulhasan Al Aridhee

Volume 6, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 1426-1432

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.6.22

Abstract

As men age, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or enlargement of the prostate gland, becomes more prevalent. The technique of transurethral incision of the prostate ... Read More

Levosimendan Versus Dobutamine in Children with Acute Heart Failure

Mohanad K. Shukur Al-Ghanimi; Khalid A. Khalid

Volume 6, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 1433-1443

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.6.23

Abstract

Heart failure in children causes substantial morbidity and mortality, so we need an inotropic agent like levosimendan that improves the hemodynamics and relief of symptoms without adverse ... Read More

Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary Evaluation of Ferulic Acid Derivatives Containing Heterocyclic Moiety

Samir A. Malik; Karima F. Ali; Ashour H. Dawood

Volume 6, Issue 6 , June 2023, , Pages 1444-1456

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.6.24

Abstract

This study aimed to synthesize new ferulic acid derivatives through preparing new compounds containing a heterocyclic group that are expected to be biologically effective for diagnosis ... Read More

Intravenous Lidocaine in Management of Acute Pain in Traumatic Limb: Evidence-Based Systematic Review

Roohie Farzaneh; Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi; Samaneh Abiri; Behrang Rezvani Kakhki; Shahram Shefa; Reza Akhavan; Somayeh Ahmadnezhad; Bita Abbasi; Hossein Akhavan; Fatemeh Maleki; Mahdi Foroughian

Volume 6, Issue 5 , May 2023, , Pages 1145-1154

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.5.20

Abstract

Lidocaine is one of the medications that is proposed as an alternative in acute pain management. Lidocaine is routinely used in topical and dental anesthesia and is known for its analgesic ... Read More

Phytochemical Analysis, GCMS Identification, and Estimation of Antioxidant Activity of Iraqi Vitex negundo L.

Tahany A. Tawfeeq; Amani A. Tawfeeq; Rasha Eldalawy; Shamis Khaleel Ibraheem

Volume 6, Issue 4 , April 2023, , Pages 876-883

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.4.19

Abstract

Vitex negundo Linn, known as chaste tree, belongs to Verbenaceae family. It is a woody medicinal tree; an aromatic and flowering-ornamental plant has different ethnobotanical and pharmacological ... Read More

Using GC-MS Technology to Identify the Compounds Resulting from Mixing of Alcoholic Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants

Maryam Mansoor Mathkoor; Eussur Noory Alkhfaji; Noor Abd-Ulamer Oda

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 486-499

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.5

Abstract

Phytochemicals are considered as one of the most important pharmaceutical compounds used in pharmacy at all, due to their high therapeutic efficacy and few side effects compared with ... Read More

Evaluation of Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of Melatonin Interference with Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Pathway in Male Rabbits

Hajar Nazar Hashem; Fadhil A. Rizij

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 559-568

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.13

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death worldwide. It is now commonly acknowledged that it is a persistent inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, ... Read More Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death worldwide. It is now commonly acknowledged that it is a persistent inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation all play the essential roles in the atherosclerosis progression. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neuroendocrine hormone discovered in the bovine pineal gland. The antioxidant action of melatonin is manifested to its direct effects via M1,2 receptors. It not only increases antioxidant enzymes, but also suppresses mesenchymal cell apoptosis. Melatonin is anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. In contrast to well-known Instead of following an enzymatic pathway of reduction after oxidation, as do endogenous antioxidants such carotene and vitamins E and C, melatonin binds permanently to free radicals, which the kidneys eliminate. In comparison to the induced untreated group, melatonin has a significant impact on lipid parameters (P>0.001). Melatonin significantly reduced the elevation in ICAM and a mild effect on the aorta thickness compared with induced untreated groups (P<0.05). The drug restores aortic GSH and SOD level (P<0.001). The aim of this research is to evaluate whether melatonin can protect rabbits against atherosclerosis and their role in inflammatory and oxidative pathway. Twenty-four domestic male rabbits from the surrounding area were divided into three groups: Group One, normal Control group (n = 8). Group Two (n = 8): Rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet (induced untreated group). Group Three (n = 8): 1% cholesterol diet + oral melatonin 10 mg/kg once per day before breakfast. Animals fed with an atherogenic diet had lower levels of GSH, SOD, and higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, very low-density cholesterol, a therogenic index, iCAM, and intimal thickness of the aorta, as compared with controls (P<0.001). In comparison with the induced untreated group, melatonin has a significant impact on lipid parameters (P>0.001). Melatonin significantly reduced the ICAM elevation and a mild effect on aorta thickness compared with induced untreated groups (p<0.05). The drug restore aortic GSH and SOD level (P<0.001). The findings of the current study suggest that melatonin reduce the evolution of atherosclerosis in by meddling with inflammatory and oxidative processes and affecting lipid parameters, it was possible to treat hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

The Effects of Levosimendan Against Sepsis-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice Model

Qassim A Zigam; Adeeb A. Al-Zubaidy; Zahraa Sami; Weaam J Abbas

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 634-644

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.20

Abstract

Sepsis is an upregulated systemic inflammatory reaction that has been identified as a global health concern. It can lead to multiple organ toxicity, including cardiac, hepatic, and ... Read More Sepsis is an upregulated systemic inflammatory reaction that has been identified as a global health concern. It can lead to multiple organ toxicity, including cardiac, hepatic, and renal dysfunction. Sepsis can result in cardiomyocyte impairment, hypertrophy, and heart failure by increasing oxidative stress and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, elevated cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I) during sepsis impairs heart contractile performance by decreasing myofilament response to calcium. The current study aimed to examine the possible effects of levosimendan against sepsis-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty male mice 8-12 weeks old and weighing 25-30 grams. After two weeks of acclimation, the mice were separated into four groups (n = 10): (1) Healthy group (n = 10). (2) CLP group: CLP operation was performed on mice. (3) DMSO group (4) Levosimendan group: 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (IP) in 2 divided doses for 5 consecutive days. All groups underwent the CLP procedure on the fourth day, were sacrificed on the fifth day, and then samples were taken. The Levosimendan group exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in myocardial troponin-I concentration compared to the CLP group. In addition, the inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) serum levels in the levosimendan group were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than in the CLP group. In addition, the levosimendan group demonstrated a significant (p0.05) increase in myocardial SOD activity and a decrease in MDA level compared to the CLP mice. Histopathologically, the levosimendan group demonstrated a statistically significant (p0.05) reduction in cardiac tissue damage. Levosimendan attenuates sepsis-induced cardiotoxicity via multiple protective effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, according to the findings of the present study. In addition, the direct cardiac protective effect via the decreased cardiac troponin-I level and the attenuation of histopathological alterations during sepsis-induced cardiotoxicity.

The Importance of Early Diagnosis of Systemic Scleroderma

A.Sh. Baimashev; E.R. Agisheva; A.E. Simonova; O.A. Sorokina; D.A. Prokofiev

Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 177-185

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.2.1

Abstract

Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is a progressive and severely debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation, vasculopathy, and extensive fibrosis. SSc is highly heterogeneous ... Read More

Wounding-To-Door Time Metrics Outcome of Traumatic Simple Wounds in Emergency Department

Roohie Farzaneh; Mohadese Arvan; Nazgol Khodaie; Sara Rahsepar; Arman Hakemi; Fatemeh Maleki; Mahdi Foroughian; Somayyeh Ahmadnezhad

Volume 6, Issue 2 , February 2023, , Pages 304-312

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.2.11

Abstract

Objective: To examine the relationship between wounding-to-door time and wound healing duration in patients with simple traumatic wounds admitted to Shahid Rajaei Emergency Department ... Read More

Uterine Adenomyosis Relationship with Gravidity, Parity, and Abortion in Women with a History of Infertility: A Case-Control Retrospective Study

Athar Rasekhjahromi; Tanaz Torabi; Farideh Mogharab; Mahshid Alborzi; Navid Kalani

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 1-8

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.1

Abstract

Introduction: Adenomyosis is reported to be increasingly diagnosed in young women and affects 20 to 35% of women of reproductive age. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between ... Read More

Conjugation of Cortistatin Peptide with Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized to Investigate Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Allergic Asthma

Didar Mehrabi Nasab; Alireza Taheri; Seyyed Shamsadin Athari

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 20-28

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.3

Abstract

In this study, conjugation between Cortistatin peptide and gold nanoparticles was performed for effective drug delivery of peptide to lung tissue to investigate its anti-inflammatory ... Read More

Demographic Characteristics, Clinical Features, Laboratory, and Radiological Findings in Children Admitted to COVID19 Center in Amara City, Misan Province, Iraq

Eman Khammas AlSaadi; Mohammed A. Darweesh; Hussain Fadel Al Jawadi; Mohammed Abdul-Mounther Othman

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 34-43

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.5

Abstract

Background:Most pediatric patients with covid 19 had mild to moderate infection and some had severe challenging infection. Generally, they had variable signs and symptoms, laboratory, ... Read More Background:Most pediatric patients with covid 19 had mild to moderate infection and some had severe challenging infection. Generally, they had variable signs and symptoms, laboratory, and radiological findings correlated with the patient age, the involved system, disease severity and probably any underlying disease.Aim:To identify the most common clinical features, the frequency of positive radiological findings, and laboratory results of the infected children hospitalized in Misan COVID-19 Center.Materials and method:A retrospective descriptive with some analytic study applied on 100 pediatric patients in the age range of (0-16) years, diagnosed with COVID-19 or were highly suspected cases, depending on clinical findings, laboratory tests, COVID-19 RT-PCR and/or chest (X-ray + CT), whom were admitted to the Pediatric Covid -19 Center in Amara City, Iraq during the time period of (February-June, 2021). Their medical records were reviewed for demographic information, (gender, age, and residence), medical history, clinical examination, laboratory and imaging studies, (X-ray + CT), O saturation, the duration of illness before admission of any underlying chronic diseases as well as the most common presenting signs and symptoms.Results:Children infected slightly more in the age range of (5-10 years), boys slightly more infected than girls as (54%) and (46%), respectively. The urban residents suffered more than the rural ones, 4% of all cases had low O2 saturation. Fever and malaise were the most common presenting symptoms as (93%) and (68%), respectively. The illness duration before hospitalization commonly was (<5days), (RT-PCR) was negative in 45% of patients, 54% had anemia with or without leukopenia and lymphopenia, CTs were positive in (62%) and CXR was positive in (53%), while the underlying chronic diseases were found in (23%) of the cases.Conclusion: Children of ages between (5-<10 years) were slightly more infected than others, fever, malaise, and cough were the most common manifestations, the urban predominance is high, and half of patients had anemia about one third and had lymphopenia. Likewise, one forth had thrombocytopenia, negative Covid-19 (RT-PCR), and/or CXR. The CT results did not exclude infection. Thus, we need further local studies to support our results.

Vitamin D in Mild to Moderate COVID-19: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

Reza Sahraeai; Farhang Hooshmand; Mojtaba Ghaedi; Shahram Shafa; Fatemeh Eftekharian; Samira Farrokhi

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 55-61

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.7

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D linkage with COVID-19 is investigated in many studies, but there is still no single summation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between Vitamin ... Read More

Moral Distress, COVID-19, and Healthcare Workers, a Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis: Solutions by JUMS Clinical Decision-making Scheme

Marzieh Haghbeen; Hossein Hakimelahi; Mansour Tafvizi; Naser Hatami; Navid Kalani; Lotfollah Dezhkam

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 71-78

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.9

Abstract

Background: Although studies are conducted on moral distress during the COVID-19 period, those being conducted by using various methods of moral distress assessment, the majority of ... Read More

Synthesis, Characterization, and Anti-parasitic Activity Evaluation of the Synthesized Chalcone against Toxoplasma Gondii Isolated from Cases of Abortion in Al-Najaf City

Muna Hashim Ghazzay; Samer Ali Hasan; Oun Deli Khudhair; Khalida Kadhim Abbas Al-Kelaby; Emad Sadiq Ali Al-Hilli

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 132-141

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.16

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a well-known and widespread parasite infection. Although diagnosis has come a long way, therapeutic approaches have not changed since the 1940s. Using SOCl2/EtOH as ... Read More

Periodontitis Therapy with Periodontal-derived Stem Cells (PDSCs) for Dental Tissue Regeneration

Mukhalled Salim Alasady; Abd El Hadi Kanj; Amer Kanj

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 160-167

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.19

Abstract

Periodontitis is a severe gum infection that can lead to tooth loss and other serious health complications. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), which reside in the perivascular ... Read More

Correlation between Placental Thickness and Estimated Fetal Weight in Women with Hypertension in Third Trimester: A Case Control Study

Nawar Yousif Noori Alsaegh; Ban J. Edan; Zinah Hammad

Volume 6, Issue 1 , January 2023, , Pages 168-176

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.1.20

Abstract

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) as a rapid consequence of gestation consists of gestational hypertension. In this study, we decided to inspect the association between the placental ... Read More

Intravenous Pethidine versus Diclofenac Suppository in Shivering after Cesarean Section under Spinal Anesthesia

Pourya Adibi; Majid Vatankhah; Bibi Mona Razavi; Farnaz Fendereski; Mehrdad Malekshoar

Volume 5, 7 (Special Issue) , November and December 2022, , Pages 1142-1149

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.7.1

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most common surgeries on women is a cesarean section. Shivering is a prevalent adverse effect of spinal anesthesia following surgery. This study aimed to evaluate ... Read More

Post Cesarean Section Analgesic Effects of Intravenous Pethidine and Diclofenac Suppository after Spinal Anesthesia: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Pourya Adibi; Majid Vatankhah; Mehrdad Malekshoar; Bibi Mona Razavi; Tayyebeh Zarei

Volume 5, 7 (Special Issue) , November and December 2022, , Pages 1150-1155

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.7.2

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most difficult challenges after a C-section is minimizing pain. The goal of this study was to see how intravenous pethidine and diclofenac suppository altered ... Read More

The Effect of Heat Variable on the Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of a Citrullus lanatus Seed Aqueous Extracts

Noora Thamer Abdulaziz; Yasser Fakri Mustafa

Volume 5, 7 (Special Issue) , November and December 2022, , Pages 1166-1176

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2022.7.4

Abstract

Citrullus lanatus (Citrullus L.) co-products have been shown in multiple studies to have biological attributes, attempting to make them a naturally-derived source for medicinal products. ... Read More

Volume 6 (2023)

Volume 5 (2022)

Volume 4 (2021)

Volume 3 (2020)

Volume 2 (2019)

Volume 1 (2018)

Main Subjects = Pharmaceutical sciences &amp; Medicinal

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Main Subjects = Pharmaceutical sciences & Medicinal