Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences

Potential Role of Selenium to Ameliorate Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats

Rusul Nadheer Albakaa; Fadhil A. Rizij; Rafid M. Ali Hassan

Volume 6, Issue 7 , July 2023, , Pages 1498-1505

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.7.3

Abstract

Abstract: Selenium (SE) is well known for its immune boosting, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Doxorubicin (DOXO), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, causes cardiac-damage by ... Read More Abstract: Selenium (SE) is well known for its immune boosting, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Doxorubicin (DOXO), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, causes cardiac-damage by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Selenium (SE) is well known for its immune boosting, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Doxorubicin (DOXO), a commonly used chemotherapy drug, causes cardiac-damage by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). SE has been shown to improve heart development dysregulation, CMY structural damage, antioxidant enzyme (GSH, and SOD) activity, and caspase-3 (CASP3) levels in the cardiac tissue. Furthermore, SE could reduce the inflammation marker, ICAM-1 activity, and cardiotoxicity marker levels in the serum, cTn-1 serum levels. Finally, SE may protect against cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the oxidative induced by doxorubicin.Objectives: The aim of the study is to investigate if selenium has protective role against the cardiotoxicity induced by DOXO in laboratory rats.Method: A total of 32 male rats were used, and they were randomly divided into 4-groups (8 rats * in each group). The rats in the control group started drinking distilled water for the experiment period. Rats in the doxorubicin group (the induced group) were given 2.5 MG/KG three times per wek, continue for 2-weeks. The second group was treated with SE only had SE administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, continue for 2-weeks. Results: Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity, as shown by a significant increase (~P < 0.001) in the levels of cTnI, ICAM-1, and caspase-3. At the same time, the levels of GSH and SOD when compared to the control group, were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) in the cardiac tissues of rats in the doxorubicin treated group. Histological changes and lesions were also caused by the Doxo. The administration of selenium was found to reduce cardiotoxicity, this can be proved by significant-decreases (p* < 0.001) in cardiac-TnI, ICAM-1, casp-3 and significant-increases (~P < 0.001) in SOD and GSH when compared to the DOXO group; and significant improvements (~P < 0.001) in the score for cardiomyopathy histopathological lesions.Conclusion: At the drugs-doses used in this study, selenium protected the hearts of rats from DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity. This is may related to the interfered and may ameloirate oxidative stress, inflammation, and the apoptotic pathway.

Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of Pioglitazon by Interference with Inflammatory and Stress Pathway in Male Rabbits

Hajar Nazar Hashem; Fadhil A. Rizij

Volume 6, Issue 4 , April 2023, , Pages 746-754

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.4.5

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. It is now widely accepted that it is a chronic inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and lipid ... Read More

Evaluation of Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of Melatonin Interference with Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Pathway in Male Rabbits

Hajar Nazar Hashem; Fadhil A. Rizij

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 559-568

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.13

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death worldwide. It is now commonly acknowledged that it is a persistent inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, ... Read More Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of death worldwide. It is now commonly acknowledged that it is a persistent inflammatory process. Minor inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation all play the essential roles in the atherosclerosis progression. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a neuroendocrine hormone discovered in the bovine pineal gland. The antioxidant action of melatonin is manifested to its direct effects via M1,2 receptors. It not only increases antioxidant enzymes, but also suppresses mesenchymal cell apoptosis. Melatonin is anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant. In contrast to well-known Instead of following an enzymatic pathway of reduction after oxidation, as do endogenous antioxidants such carotene and vitamins E and C, melatonin binds permanently to free radicals, which the kidneys eliminate. In comparison to the induced untreated group, melatonin has a significant impact on lipid parameters (P>0.001). Melatonin significantly reduced the elevation in ICAM and a mild effect on the aorta thickness compared with induced untreated groups (P<0.05). The drug restores aortic GSH and SOD level (P<0.001). The aim of this research is to evaluate whether melatonin can protect rabbits against atherosclerosis and their role in inflammatory and oxidative pathway. Twenty-four domestic male rabbits from the surrounding area were divided into three groups: Group One, normal Control group (n = 8). Group Two (n = 8): Rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet (induced untreated group). Group Three (n = 8): 1% cholesterol diet + oral melatonin 10 mg/kg once per day before breakfast. Animals fed with an atherogenic diet had lower levels of GSH, SOD, and higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, very low-density cholesterol, a therogenic index, iCAM, and intimal thickness of the aorta, as compared with controls (P<0.001). In comparison with the induced untreated group, melatonin has a significant impact on lipid parameters (P>0.001). Melatonin significantly reduced the ICAM elevation and a mild effect on aorta thickness compared with induced untreated groups (p<0.05). The drug restore aortic GSH and SOD level (P<0.001). The findings of the current study suggest that melatonin reduce the evolution of atherosclerosis in by meddling with inflammatory and oxidative processes and affecting lipid parameters, it was possible to treat hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

Potential Role of Empagliflozin to Ameliorate Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats

Rusul Nadheer Albakaa; Fadhil A. Rizij; Rafid M.Ali Hassan

Volume 6, Issue 3 , March 2023, , Pages 613-621

https://doi.org/10.26655/JMCHEMSCI.2023.3.18

Abstract

Empagliflozin (EMPA), a selective inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotranspoter2 (SGLT2), mainly regulates blood glucose levels. Many different mechanisms illustrated the significant impact ... Read More

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Author = Fadhil A. Rizij

Potential Role of Selenium to Ameliorate Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats

Abstract

Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of Pioglitazon by Interference with Inflammatory and Stress Pathway in Male Rabbits

Abstract

Evaluation of Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of Melatonin Interference with Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Pathway in Male Rabbits

Abstract

Potential Role of Empagliflozin to Ameliorate Doxorubicin Induced Cardiotoxicity in Male Rats

Abstract